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Corallorhiza

Corallorrhiza trifida plate
Corallorhiza trifida plate from Album des Orchidées d'Europe

Scientific Classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Asparagales
Family:Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Maxillarieae
SubTribe: Corallorhizinae
Alliance:
Genus: Corallorhiza
Gagnebin 1755
Type Species
Corallorhiza trifida


Coralroot orchids are members of the Orchidaceae belonging to the genus Corallorhiza (alternately spelled Corallorhiza).

Distribution[]

The plants from this genus is found in North America, Mexico, Europe and Northern Asia.

Description[]

Members of the genus are leafless, notable for their coral-shaped roots, and for relying entirely upon symbiotic fungi within their roots (Myco-heterotrophy) for their sustenance, since they do not produce chlorophyll. Except for the circumboreal C. trifida, the genus is restricted to the New World. Because of their dependence on their symbiosis with mycorrhizae, which make them difficult to cultivate.


Culture[]

Naming[]

The genus was named after its coral shaped tubers. It is commonly called the coral root orchid.

Synonyms[]

  1. Corallorhiza Chatel. 1760
  2. Cladorhiza Raf. 1828

Species[]

  • Corallorhiza bentleyi Freudenst., 1999.
  • Corallorhiza bulbosa A.Rich. & Galeotti,1845.
  • Corallorhiza ekmanii Mansf., 1929.
  • Corallorhiza macrantha Schltr., 1918.
  • Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf., 1817.
    • Corallorhiza maculata var. maculata.
    • Corallorhiza maculata var. mexicana (Lindl.) Freudenst., 1997.
    • Corallorhiza maculata var. occidentalis (Lindl.) Ames, 1924.
  • Corallorhiza mertensiana Bong., 1833.
  • Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Nutt., 1818.
    • Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. odontorhiza.
    • Corallorhiza odontorhiza var. pringlei (Greenm.) Freudenst., 1997.
    • Corallorhiza odontorhiza f. radia Freudenst., 1997.
  • Corallorhiza striata Lindl., 1840.
    • Corallorhiza striata var. involuta (Greenm.) Freudenst., 1997.
    • Corallorhiza striata var. striata.
    • Corallorhiza striata var. vreelandii (Rydb.) L.O.Williams, 1934.
  • Corallorhiza trifida Châtel., Spec. 1760.
  • Corallorhiza williamsii Correll, 1941.
  • Corallorhiza wisteriana Conrad, 1829.
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